Monroe Machining Company machines metal parts for the automotive industry. Under the traditional manufacturing approach, the parts are machined through two processes: milling and finishing. Parts are produced in batch sizes of 70 parts. A part requires 3 minutes in milling and 7 minutes in finishing. The move time between the two operations for a complete batch is 8 minutes.

Under the just-in-time philosophy, the part is produced in a cell that includes both the milling and finishing operations. The operating time is unchanged; however, the batch size is reduced to 4 parts and the move time is eliminated.

Determine the value-added, non-value-added, total lead time, and the value-added ratio under the traditional and just-in-time manufacturing methods. Round whole percentages to one decimal place.