Referring to Figure 13.39, determine Coulomb's active force, Pa, per unit length of the wall for the following cases. Use Culmann's graphic construction procedure.
a. H = 4.57 m, β = 85°, n = 1, H1 = 6.1 m, γ = 20.12 k N/m3, Ï•' = 38°, δ' = 20°
b. H = 5.5 m, β = 80°, n = 1, H1 = 6.5 m, ( = 1680 kg/m3, Ï•' = 30°, δ' = 30°

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Sand γ -18.7 kN/m3 d'-340 8' (wall friction) H-9.75 m