Repeat Prob. 8–17 with no washer under the head of the bolt, and two washers stacked under the nut.
Repeat Prob. 8–17, Two identical aluminum plates are each 2 in thick, and are compressed with one bolt and nut. Washers are used under the head of the bolt and under the nut.
Washer properties: steel; ID = 0.531 in; OD = 1.062 in; thickness = 0.095 in
Nut properties: steel; height = 7/16 in
Bolt properties: 1/2 in-13 UNC grade 8
Plate properties: aluminum; E = 10.3 Mpsi; Su = 47 kpsi; Sy = 25 kpsi
(a) Determine a suitable length for the bolt, rounded up to the nearest ¼ in.
(b) Determine the bolt stiffness.
(c) Determine the stiffness of the members.