1. Big Data is often described by the three V’s, or:
a. Volume, velocity, and variability.
b. Volume, veracity, and variety.
c. Volume, volatility, and variability.
d. Volume, velocity, and variety.

2. According to estimates considered in the chapter, up to what percentage of a data analyst’s time is spent cleaning (or scrubbing) the data to be ready for analysis?
a. 90%
b. 40%
c. 0%
d. 20%

3. The acronym ETL, in the process of readying data for use in data analysis, refers to what three words?
a. Extrapolate, transform, and learn
b. Extrapolate, transpose, and load
c. Extract, transform, and load
d. Extract, transform, and learn

4. What is the maximum fine imposed by the DATA 2009 law for failure to send notification of a breach of personally identifying information?
a. $11,000
b. $1 million
c. $5 million
d. No maximum

5. DATA (2009) created a national standard for privacy and data protection. The acronym DATA stands for:
a. Data Accountability and Trust Act of 2009.
b. Data Accounting and Trust Act of 2009.
c. Data Accessibility and Trust Act of 2009.
d. Data Audit and Trust Act of 2009.

6. Which of these is not part of the security program required by DATA to prevent compromise of critical information?
a. Develop, document, and maintain a security policy for the collection, use, sale, dissemination, and maintenance of personally identifying information.
b. Define a protocol to efficiently notify affected parties and regulators in the event of a data breach.
c. Establish contracts with third parties with access to the information to establish controls that meet the requirements of the act.
d. Establish a process to identify risks and vulnerabilities of potential breaches and implement administrative and technical controls to mitigate the risk of compromise of the personally identifying information.

7. Which term is used to describe the science of examining raw data, removing excess noise from the dataset, and organizing the data with the purpose of drawing conclusions for decision making?
a. Big Data
b. Data analytics
c. Audit analytics
d. Extract, transform, and load

8. ADS is a standard format for data files and fields typically needed to support an external audit in a given financial business process area that was developed by the AICPA. The acronym ADS stands for what three words?
a. Accounting doctoral scholars
b. Accounting data standards
c. Audit data standards
d. Auditor data standards

9. Which of the following, on its own, is not explicitly considered to be personally identifying information?
a. Date of birth
b. Biometric data
c. Personal telephone number
d. Social Security number

10. Which of the following, on its own, is not explicitly considered to be personally identifying information?
a. Fingerprints
b. Religion
c. Mobile telephone number
d. Personal address