Gausss hypergeometric ODE is (15) x(1 x)y + [c (a + b + 1)x]y'

Gauss€™s hypergeometric ODE is

Here, a, b, c are constants. This ODE is of the form P₂y" + P₁y' + P₀y = 0, where P₂, P₁, P₀ are polynomials of degree 2, 1, 0, respectively. These polynomials are written so that the series solution takes a most practical form, namely,

This series is called the hyper geometric series. Its sum y₁(x) is called the hyper geometric function and is denoted by F(a, b, c; x). Here, c ‰  0, -1, -2, . . . By choosing specific values of a, b, c we can obtain an incredibly large number of special functions as solutions of (15). This accounts for the importance of (15).

(a) Convergence. For what a or b will (16) reduce to a polynomial? Show that for any other a, b, c (c ‰  0, -1, -2,. . .) the series (16) converges when |x| < 1.

(b) Show that

Find more such relations from the literature on special functions.

(c) Show that for r₂ = 1 - c the Frobenius method yields the following solution (where c ‰  2, 3, 4, . . . ):

Show that

Transcribed Image Text:

(15) x(1 – x)y" + [c – (a + b + 1)x]y' – aby = 0. a(a + 1)b(b + 1) 2! c(c + 1) ala + 1)(a + 2)b(b + 1)(b + 2) 3! c(c + 1)(c + 2) y, (x) = 1+ x + (16) ab 1! c x* +....