Your assignment is to design a replacement condenser for an existing distillation column. Space constraints dictate a vertical-tube condenser with a maximum height (equals tube length) of 3 m. An organic is condensed at a rate of 12,000 kg/h at a temperature of 75°C, and cooling water is used, entering at 30°C and exiting at 40°C. The person you are replacing has done some preliminary calculations suggesting that a 1–4 exchanger (water in tubes) using 1-in, 16 BWG copper tubes on 1.25-in equilateral triangular pitch with a 37-in shell diameter would be suitable. However, there are only partial calculations to support this claim, and the person who performed the original design is unavailable for consultation. Complete the detailed heat transfer calculations to evaluate the suitability of this heat-exchanger design.

Data for condensing organic:

Assume no fouling on the condensing side.

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r = 800 kg/m³ = 5.3 kg/m³ Vg 1 = 800 kJ/kg Cpl = 2600 J/kg/K k= 0.15 W/m/K m=0.4 x 10³ kg/m/s Heat transfer coefficient for tube side: 6000 W/m²/K Typical fouling coefficient for plant cooling water: 1200 W/m²/K (=1/RA)