An article in Information Security Technical Report Malicious SoftwarePast, Present and Future (2004, Vol 9, pp 618) provided the following data on the top 10 malicious software instances for 2002 The clear leader in the number of registered incidences for the year 2002 was the Internet worm Klez, and it is still one of the most widespread threats This virus was first detected on 26 October 2001, and it has held the top spot among malicious software for the longest period in the history of virology The 10 most widespread malicious programs for 2002 Suppose that 20 malicious software instances are reported Assume that the malicious sources can be assumed to be independent (a) What is the probability that at least one instance is Klez (b) What is the probability that three or more instances are Klez (c) What are the mean and standard deviation of the number of Klez instances among the 20 reported Instances Place Name 1 I Worm Klez 61 22 2 I Worm Lentin 20 52 I Worm Tanatos 2 09 4 I Worm BadtransII 1 31 Macro Word97 Thus 5 1 19 I Worm Hybris 0 60 I Worm Bridex 0 32 8 I Worm Magistr 0 30 Win95 CIH 0 27 10 I Worm Sircam 0 24

Question: An article in Information Security Technical Report [Malicious SoftwarePast, Present and Future (2004, Vol. 9, pp. 618)] provided the following data on the top 10

An article in Information Security Technical Report [€œMalicious Software€”Past, Present and Future€ (2004, Vol. 9, pp. 6€“18)] provided the following data on the top 10 malicious software instances for 2002. The clear leader in the number of registered incidences for the year 2002 was the Internet worm €œKlez,€ and it is still one of the most widespread threats. This virus was first detected on 26 October 2001, and it has held the top spot among malicious software for the longest period in the history of virology.

The 10 most widespread malicious programs for 2002

% Instances Place Name 1 I-Worm.Klez 61.22% 2 I-Worm.Lentin 20.52% I-Worm. Tanatos 2.09% 4 I-Worm.BadtransII 1.31% Macro

Suppose that 20 malicious software instances are reported.

Assume that the malicious sources can be assumed to be independent.

(a) What is the probability that at least one instance is €œKlez?€

(b) What is the probability that three or more instances are €œKlez?€

% Instances Place Name 1 I-Worm.Klez 61.22% 2 I-Worm.Lentin 20.52% I-Worm. Tanatos 2.09% 4 I-Worm.BadtransII 1.31% Macro. Word97.Thus 5 1.19% I-Worm.Hybris 0.60% I-Worm.Bridex 0.32% 8. I-Worm.Magistr 0.30% Win95.CIH 0.27% 10 I-Worm.Sircam 0.24%

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