Of the restriction enzymes listed in Table 21.3, which enzymes generate flush, or blunt-ended, fragments? Of those that recognize offset sites and generate staggered cuts, which of these cuts cannot be converted to flush ends by the action of DNA polymerase? Why?

Table 21.3

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TABLE 21.3 Specificities of some type II restriction systems Restriction and Modification Site Enzyme Bacterial Source BamHI Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H Bg/ll EcoRI EcoRII Haelll Hgal Hhal Hindil Hindill Hinfl Hpal Hpall Mspl Notl Plel Pstl Sall Smal Xbal B. globiggi Escherichia coli RY13 E. coli R245 Haemophilus aegyptius H. gallinarum H. haemolyticus H. influenzae Rd H. influenzae Rd H. influenzae Rf H. parainfluenzae H. parainfluenzae Moraxella sp. Nocardia rubra Pseudomonas lemoignei Providencia stuartii Streptomyces albus G Serratia marcescens Sb Xanthomonas badrii m G↓ GATCC m A GATCT m G↓AATTC m CC GG m GG ↓ CC GACGCNNNNN↓ CTGCGNNNNNNNNNN ↓ m GCG C m GTPy↓ PuAC m A↓AGCTT GIANTC GTT↓AAC m C↓CGG C↓CGG GC GGCCGC GAGTCNNNN ↓ CTCAGNNNNN ↓ CTGCA ↓ G G↓ TCGAC m CCC GGG T↓CTAGA