Bold names shown with a question identify the data table for the problem.

Employment

This table shows percentages of men and women employed in four industries.

(a) Is there association between the gender of the employee and the industry? How can you tell?

(b) Interpret the association (or lack thereof).

(c) Find the chi-squared statistic and Cramer€™s V if these data were derived from n = 500 employees, with 100 in each industry. Repeat the process for data derived from n = 2,000 employees, with 400 in each industry. Which statistic changes? Which remains the same?

Industry Men Women Health care 79% 21% Manufacturing 29% 71% Retail trade 58% 42% Book publishing 47% 53% Legal services 46% 54%