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Questions and Answers of
Business Statistics
Consider the following terms in a linear regression model: slope, correlation coefficient, residual. Match each term to the appropriate description. (i) the number of units y changes for each unit
Answer true or false. The margin of error when using x̅ as a point estmate for μ is x̅ - μ
Answer true or false, A point estimate for the mean weight (lb) of shipping packages is all nimbers zero or larger.
Answer true or false. A c% confidence interval means that c% of sample data will always lie inside the interval.
Match each of the following tests to the appropriate description: test of independence; test of homogeneity; test of goodness of fit.(i) Test to determine if different populations have the same
What is the symbol used for the slope of the population least-squares line?
For a chi-square probability distribution, determine whether each of the following is true or false.(i) The distribution is symmetric.(ii) The shape of the distribution changes according to the
Suppose you are a hospital manager and have been told that there is no need to worry that respirator monitoring equipment might fail because the probability any one monitor will fail is only 0.01.
Consider the graph of a normal probability distribution of x values with mean μ and standard deviation σ. Answer each of the following statements as true of false.(i) The graph is bell-shaped, with
Under what conditions is it appropriate to use a normal distirbution to approximate the p̂ distribution?
Answer the following statements regarding the term sampling distribution as true or false.(i) A sampling distribution is the set of all random samples taken from a population.(ii) A sampling
Create a clustered column chart that shows the number of employees hired each year. Make sure the chart has a title. In what year were the most employees hired? How many were hired that year?Exercise
After opening Power BI, open each of the three files. Change the names of the tables to the following: Race Codes, Job Codes, and Master Employee Data. Show how the three files are related.Exercise
Referring to Exercise 18-23, create a stacked column chart that illustrates how many employees of each gender (male and female) were hired in each year. In what year were the most females hired? How
Referring to Exercise 18-25, create the same table but only for employees who are no longer working for the company. Discuss.Data from exercise 18.25Create a table that illustrates the mean and
In a journal related to your major, locate an article in which a hypothesis about one or two population variances is tested. Discuss why population variation was an important issue in the article,
In journals related to your major, locate two articles in which tests of three or more population means were important. Discuss the issue being addressed, how the data were collected, the results of
Locate a journal article that uses either contingency analysis or a goodness-of-fit test. Discuss the article, paying particular attention to the reasoning behind using the particular statistical
Find a marketing research book (or borrow one from a friend). Does it discuss either of the tests considered in this chapter? If yes, outline the discussion. If no, determine where in the text such a
The following table shows the breakdown of gasoline prices in terms of its components.Component PercentageCrude
Tesla is one of the most popular manufacturers of electric cars in the world. The following table lists the company’s quarterly profits and losses from 2012 to 2017. These data can also be found in
The following table shows the number of wins for baseball teams in the National League Central Division for the 2016 and 2017 seasons: Construct a horizontal stacked bar chart that summarizes these
The NHTSA regularly collects information about customer complaints about cars. The following table lists complaints by type and frequency for the 2006 Ford Mustang.Seat belts / air bags
The following table lists usage share of mobile browsers for January 2018.Browser Market Share
The Fan Cost Index measures the average cost for a typical family to attend a Major League Baseball game. The index comprises the prices of two adult average-price tickets, two child average-price
The following table lists the average annual unemployment rate for the state of Arizona from 2006 until 2016 (use formula to solve question). Year
The world oil price is really important for the U.S. economy. However, the world oil price is changing frequently by large amounts. The Excel file world oil price.xls lists the monthly price of crude
The following table shows the number of wins per season for the New England Patriots and Detroit Lions NFL teams from 2008 through 2017. This data can also be found in the Excel file NFL
The following table lists the 20 largest companies in the world in 2017 ranked by their market capitalizations (in billions of dollars). A company’s market capitalization is defined as the number
The following table shows the frequency distribution for the golf scores recorded during the 2017 Masters tournament:Score
What is the probability of randomly selecting a diamond from a standard 52-card deck?
A recent survey of Snapchat user statistics had four categories (reasons) for the using Snapchat: Creativity, Keeping in Touch, Easier than Texting, and Other. If 37% indicated Creativity, 27%
A recent survey found that 75% of households had Internet access and 80% of households had cable television. Also, it was reported that 70% of the households in the survey had both Internet and cable
At a local restaurant, 22% of the customers order takeout. If 8% of the customers order takeout and choose a hamburger, determine the probability that a customer who orders takeout will order a
Thirty-five percent of customers who purchased products from an e-commerce site had orders exceeding $100. If 20% of the customers have orders exceeding $100 and also pay with the e-commerce site’s
In 2018, 43% of taxpayers who filed their tax return electronically self-prepared their taxes. If the IRS randomly selected three tax returns submitted electronically, what is the probability that
I would like to customize a desktop computer online. I have to choose among the following categories:• Processor (five choices)• Hard drive (four choices)• Memory (three choices)• Monitor
An executive needs to select 4 stores from a total of 10 to participate in a customer service program. Determine the number of possible groups of four stores.
What is the probability of randomly selecting a heart from a standard 52-card deck?
According to Stat-counter in January 2018, 52% of all Web traffic came from mobile phones. If five people are randomly chosen, what is the probability that all five used mobile phones to access the
I would like to order a car from the factory and I have to choose among the following categories:• Exterior color (four choices)• Interior color (four choices)• Engine size (three choices)•
What is the probability of winning a 5/30 lottery game where 5 numbers are picked from a range of 30?
How many ways can 10 new movies be ranked first, second, and third by a movie critic?
A director for a play has to choose an actor to play a lead male role and an actress to play a lead female role. The director has to choose from among five males and seven females. Determine how many
If a salesperson is responsible for eight stores in her territory, determine how many different ways she can schedule a visit with five of them today.
Consider a Poisson probability distribution with λ = 8.5. Determine the mean and standard deviation of this distribution.
A second report by the National Center for Productivity analyzed the relationship between productivity and wages. They used the graph from Exercise 67, with the x-axis labeled ?wages.? Comment on any
A bootstrap test of the hypothesis in Exercise 56 produced the following distribution (shifted to center the histogram at the hypothesized mean of 649): (Data in Student survey)Exercise 56According
Pew Research published a study on Americans’ satisfaction with their current job (www .pewsocialtrends.org/2016/10/06/3-how-americans-viewtheir- jobs/). They found that 49% of American workers say
It has been three years since Mohammed Al-Tamimi opened his computer repair business, Mo’s Mending Station. Unlike the well-known Nerd Squad of the big electronics retailer, Mo’s Mending Station
It has been three years since Mohammed Al-Tamimi opened his computer repair business, Mo’s Mending Station. Unlike the well-known Nerd Squad of the big electronics retailer, Mo’s Mending Station
Think of a question that you’d like to know the answer to that might be answered with a survey. What are the questions? Identify the variables and answer the questions above.
Look in the latest edition of your local newspaper and find examples of each level of measurement. Write a brief memo summarizing your findings.
Consider again the post-1960 trend in U.S. GDP we examined in Exercise 57. Here are a regression and residual plot when we use the square root of GDP in the model. Is this a better model for GDP?
An experiment on laboratory rats finds that rats that are randomly assigned to higher levels of noise take longer to finish a maze than those that try the same maze under less noise. The P-value for
An observational study finds that the average number of years that people stay married differs by educational level with a P-value 60.0001. The higher the education level, the longer people tend to
Your manager asked you to fit many models to predict which customers will buy this holiday season. The firm is going to pick only one. What criteria would you recommend that the firm use to evaluate
Your manager wants to just find and use “the best” model, but you have found that a combined model (boosting) is better. Explain why boosting might help, and why it may be better than trying to
What are the pros and cons of combining multiple models to produce a prediction? Should we always combine models?
Your manager wants to use the total accurate classification rate (percent of all cases properly classified) as the metric to evaluate the division’s models. Is this a good idea? Why or why not?
Is any one portion of the CRISP-DM more important than the others? Why?
Your manager has read a couple of articles about data mining and artificial intelligence. He wants to use data mining to find the best customers. What would you suggest to structure this problem?
Your manager learned all about databases, and frequently makes queries such as: “What fraction of our customers who bought a product in the last six months are female and live within 5 miles of the
Your manager is confused by Big Data. Explain what makes “big data”different than “data.”
Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as of 2013, about 715,000 heart attacks occur in the United States
Tiffany was founded in 1837, when Charles Lewis Tiffany opened his first store in downtown Manhattan. Tiffany retails and distributes a selection of Tiffany & Co. brand jewelry at a range of
In 2016, 13.27 million people attended a Broadway show, paying an average of more than $100 per ticket. We?d like to understand this $1.4 billion business better. The Broadway League, Inc. (www
The scatterplot shows the gross domestic product (GDP) of the United States in trillions of (2010) dollars plotted against years since 1960. (Data in GDP and DJIA 2017) A linear model fit to the
Renewable sources of energy are of growing importance in the economy. The Energy Information Administration reports the amount of renewable energy generated (in thousands of kilowatt-hours) in each
The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is a widely used measure of a country’s (or state’s) economy. It is defined as the total market value of all goods and services produced within a
Here is a scatterplot showing the regression line, 95% confidence intervals, and 95% prediction intervals, using 2015 and 2016 male unemployment data for a sample of 33 nations. The response variable
The Worldwide Cost of Living Survey published by Numbeo.com provides an index that expresses the cost of living in other cities as a percentage of the New York cost. For example, in 2017, the cost of
There are 168 hours in a week. If you spend all of it sleeping and having fun, you will earn very little money. On the other hand, if you spend much of it working, do you earn more? In other words,
In 2014, cnet.com listed the battery life (in hours) and maximum luminous intensity (i.e., screen brightness, in cd>m2) for a sample of tablet computers. We want to know if we can predict battery
Using unemployment data provided by the World Bank, investigate the association between the male unemployment rate in 2014 and 2017.a) Find a regression model predicting the 2017 rate from the 2014
Every spring, Nenana, Alaska, hosts a contest in which participants try to guess the exact minute that a wooden tripod placed on the frozen Tanana River will fall through the breaking ice. The
The product manager at a subsidiary of Kraft Foods, Inc., is interested in learning how sensitive sales are to changes in the unit price of a frozen pizza in Dallas, Denver, Baltimore, and Chicago.
The U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis provides information on the Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (GDP PC) in the United States by state (www.bea.gov). The Bureau recently released figures that
Every year, Fortune magazine lists the 100 best companies to work for, based on criteria such as pay, benefits, days off, and diversity. In 2018, the top three were Sales Force, Wegmans Food Markets,
A similar Pew poll in 2016 asked people how often they used the Internet. (Data in Income and internet) a) Under the usual null hypothesis, what are the expected values? b) Compute the x2
In 2010, the U.S. Congress passed the historic health care reform bill that will provide some type of coverage for the millions of Americans without health care insurance. Just how widespread is the
American League baseball teams play their games with the designated hitter rule, meaning that pitchers do not bat. The league believes that replacing the pitcher, traditionally a weak hitter, with
Most car engines need at least 87 octane to avoid “knocking” or “pinging,” terms used to describe the preignition that can happen when a fuel’s octane is too low. An engineer is designing
Using the Paralyzed Veterans dataset, construct a 95% confidence interval for the mean age of a potential donor to the Paralyzed Veterans. Test the hypothesis that the mean age is 62 years old.
Exercise 55 Here are the data from the researcher studying the reaction times of rats. He has a requirement that the maze take about a minute to complete on average. ? ? ? ? ? Time (sec)38.4
According to www.marketingcharts.com/, the average 18–24-year old has 649 Facebook friends. The student who collected the survey data in Student survey wanted to test if the mean number is higher
Here are the data from the researcher studying the reaction times of rats. He has a requirement that the maze take about a minute to complete on average. Time
Instead of advertising the percentage of customers who improve by at least 10 points, a manager suggests testing whether the mean score improves at all. For each customer they record the difference
A test preparation company claims that more than 50% of the students who take their GRE prep course improve their scores by at least 10 points.a) Is the alternative to the null hypothesis more
How far do professional golfers drive a ball? (For non-golfers, the drive is the shot hit from a tee at the start of a hole and is typically the longest shot.) Here?s a histogram of the average
A business statistics class conducted a student survey in which 299 students were randomly selected and asked a variety of questions. One of the questions asked ?How many friends do you have on
The Framingham Heart Study recorded the cholesterol levels of more than 1400 participants in Framingham, MA (Data in Framingham). To find a bootstrap confidence interval for the mean cholesterol, a
In 2011, when the Gallup organization polled investors, 34% rated gold the best long-term investment. But in April of 2017 Gallup surveyed a random sample of U.S. adults
Giant food stores serves two customer segments: ?Budget Shoppers? and ?Foodies.? Giant sends 1000 of each type of customer one of two circulars: Deep Discounts or Gourmet Food. The response is the
Verizon Wireless wants to test new package deals. They are considering offering three levels of data per month (5 Gb, 10 Gb, Unlimited) and two different international calling options (no
Kraft foods wants to see whether a coupon will affect sales for macaroni and cheese. Kraft picks a single grocery store in Philadelphia in which to test two coupon types: ?buy one, get one free? and
A small maker of video games designs a pricing experiment. They know that some teens self-identify as ?gamers,? while others do not. They market a new video game to gamers and non-gamers, and they
Exercise 28 A supermarket wants to see the effects of coupons on spending. They believe that male and female heads of households will respond differently to the coupons. The supermarket chooses 200
A supermarket wants to see the effects of coupons on spending. They believe that male and female heads of households will respond differently to the coupons. The supermarket chooses 200 males and 200
GfK Roper Consulting conducts market research for multinational companies who want to understand attitudes in different countries so they can market and advertise more effectively to different
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