Read the research study description and then answer the questions that follow the description.

1. Chapell, Blanding, Silverstein, Takahashi, Newman, Gubi, and McCann (2005) carried out an investigation of the relationship between test anxiety and academic performance among undergraduate college students. They found that females had both significantly higher test anxiety test scores than males and significantly higher cumulative GPAs.

The investigators carried out an ___.

a. Experiment

b. Observational study

2. Chapell, Blanding, Silverstein, Takahashi, Newman, Gubi, and McCann (2005) carried out an investigation of the relationship between test anxiety and academic performance among undergraduate college students. They found that females had both significantly higher test anxiety test scores than males and significantly higher cumulative GPAs.

GPA is a ___ variable.

a. Qualitative

b. Quantitative

3. Chapell, Blanding, Silverstein, Takahashi, Newman, Gubi, and McCann (2005) carried out an investigation of the relationship between test anxiety and academic performance among undergraduate college students. They found that females had both significantly higher test anxiety test scores than males and significantly higher cumulative GPAs.

Gender is measured on the ___ level.

a. Nominal

b. Ordinal

c. Approximately interval

d. Interval/Ratio

4. Chapell, Blanding, Silverstein, Takahashi, Newman, Gubi, and McCann (2005) carried out an investigation of the relationship between test anxiety and academic performance among undergraduate college students. They found that females had both significantly higher test anxiety test scores than males and significantly higher cumulative GPAs.

Test anxiety is measured on the ___ level.

a. Nominal

b. Ordinal

c. Approximately interval

d. Interval/Ratio