Sharks are an important part of the biodiversity of marine ecosystems. Many species are endangered as a result of overfishing. In 2004, the great white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, was added to Appendix II of CITES. Two other sharks, the porbeagle, Lamna nasus, and the scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini, were added to Appendix III in 2013.

a. Explain what is meant by the term biodiversity.

b. i. The great white shark is an endangered species. Explain what is meant by the term endangered.

ii. Explain how the addition of species to the CITES lists provides protection for endangered species, such as sharks.

c. List four practical reasons why humans should maintain biodiversity.