The table below shows the blood cell counts for four young female patients at a hospital. Each patient has a different medical condition.

Use the data in the table above and Table 11.1 on page 231 to answer the following questions.

a. Make a table to show how the blood cell counts of each of the four female patients differ from the typical values and the ranges given in Table 11.1.

b. Explain the differences that you have described in a.

c. Patient A had a blood test before she fell ill. The red blood cell count was 4.6 × 106 mm⁻³ and the white blood cell count was 7000 cells mm⁻³.

i. Calculate the changes in cell counts between this test result and the result shown in the table above.

ii. Use your results for i to calculate the percentage change in the numbers of red and white blood cells in 1 mm³ of blood.

d. Blood cell counting is an automated process and results can be available very quickly. Suggest why the results for a single sample of blood taken from a patient on admission to hospital should be interpreted with care.

Table 11.1

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Red blood White blood cell counts / cells mm3 cell count Medical All white Lymphocytes Patient / millions condition Neutrophils All blood cells cells B cells T cells mm an unknown bacterial A 5.7 11000 7500 3500 2000 1500 infection 1670 (of which 150 are helper T cells) B HIV/AIDS 3.6 3885 2085 1800 130 4800 (mature) acute myeloid leukaemia 1.1 47 850 2250 350 1900 40 800 (immature) acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 1250 (mature) 155000 3.2 156 700 450 400 850 (immature)