1.5 Determine whether procedures for analyzing categorical data are needed to address each of the following research questions. Provide a rationale for each of your answers by identifying the dependent and independent variables as well as the scale that might have been used to measure each variable.

a. A researcher would like to determine whether a respondent will vote for the Republican or Democratic candidate in the US presidential election based on the respondent’s annual income.

b. A researcher would like to determine whether respondents who vote for the Republican candidate in the US presidential election have a different annual income than those who vote for the Democratic candidate.

c. A researcher would like to determine whether males who have suffered a heart attack have higher fat content in their diets than males who have not suffered a heart attack in the past six months.

d. A researcher would like to predict whether a man will suffer a heart attack in the next six months based on the fat content in his diet.