Question: Let D denote having a certain disease and E denote having exposure to a certain risk factor. The attributable risk (AR) is the proportion of

Let D denote having a certain disease and E denote having exposure to a certain risk factor. The attributable risk (AR) is the proportion of disease cases attributable to that exposure.

a. Let P(E̅) = 1 – P(E). Explain why AR= [P(D) –P(D|E̅)]/P(D).

b. Show that AR relates to the relative risk RR by AR = [P(E)(RR – 1)]/[1 + P(E)(RR – 1)].

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