(a) Describe each of the following ligands as either a -acid, a -base, or neither (see Exercise...

(a) Describe each of the following ligands as either a π-acid, a π-base, or neither (see Exercise 9D.27):

(i) NH₃; (ii) ox; (iii) F^–; (iv) CO.

(b) Place them in order of increasing ligand field splitting.

Exercise 9D.27

Ligands that can interact with a metal center by forming a π-bond are commonly called π-acids and p-bases. The definitions of π-acid and π-base are similar to those used for Lewis acidity. A π-acid is a ligand that can accept electrons by using π-orbitals, and a π-base donates electrons by using π-orbitals.