One accident mitigation procedure is called emergency material transfer, in which the material is transported away from the accident site before it becomes involved. We plan on mitigating a crude oil tank fire scenario by pumping the tank empty in \(1 \mathrm{hr}\) total time.

The crude oil storage tank is \(30 \mathrm{~m}\) in diameter, and the crude oil is typically at a level of \(9 \mathrm{~m}\). The transfer will be accomplished by pumping the crude oil through a \(200-\mathrm{mm}\) (internal diameter) new commercial steel pipe to another tank \(40 \mathrm{~m}\) in diameter and \(10 \mathrm{~m}\) high. The pipeline represents \(50 \mathrm{~m}\) of equivalent pipe.

a. Estimate the minimum pump size (in HP) required to pump the entire tank empty in \(1 \mathrm{hr}\). Assume a pump efficiency of \(80 \%\).

b. If a 100 -HP pump ( \(80 \%\) efficient) is available, how long will it take to empty the tank?

c. What conclusions can be drawn about the viability of this approach?

The density of the crude oil is \(928 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}\) with a viscosity of \(0.004 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m} \mathrm{s}\).