Consider the figure below (which is similar to Figure 9.3). A sender begins sending packetized audio periodically at t = 1. The first packet arrives at the receiver at t = 8.

Figure 9.3

a. What are the delays (from sender to receiver, ignoring any play out delays) of packets 2 through 8? Note that each vertical and horizontal line segment in the figure has a length of 1, 2, or 3 time units.

b. If audio play out begins as soon as the first packet arrives at the receiver at t = 8, which of the first eight packets sent will, not arrive in time for play out?

c. If audio play out begins at t = 9, which of the first eight packets sent will not arrive in time for play out?

d. What is the minimum play out delay at the receiver that results in all of the first eight packets arriving in time for their play out?

Transcribed Image Text:

Fill rate = x Depletion rate =r Internet Video server Client application buffer