Suppose an IP packet is fragmented into 10 fragments, each with a 1% (independent) probability of loss. To a reasonable approximation, this means there is a 10% chance of losing the whole packet due to loss of a fragment. What is the probability of net loss of the whole packet if the packet is transmitted twice,

(a) assuming all fragments received must have been part of the same transmission?

(b) assuming any given fragment may have been part of either transmission?

(c) Explain how use of the Ident field might be applicable here.