Question: Let S be an array of n elements on which a total order relation is defined. An inversion in S is a pair of indices

Let S be an array of n elements on which a total order relation is defined. An inversion in S is a pair of indices i and j such that i S[j]. Describe an algorithm running in O(n log n) time for determining the number of inversions in S (which can be as large as O(n2)).

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