Create null and alternative hypotheses for the following coefficients:

a. The impact of height on weight

b. All the coefficients in Equation A in Exercise 5, Chapter 2

c. All the coefficients in Y = β₀ + β₁X₁ + β₂X₂ + β₃X₃ + ε, where Y is total gasoline used on a particular trip, X₁ is miles traveled, X₂ is the weight of the car, and X₃ is the average speed traveled

d. The impact of the decibel level of the grunt of a shot-putter on the length of the throw involved (shot-putters are known to make loud noises when they throw, but there is little theory about the impact of this yelling on the length of the put). Assume all relevant “nongrunt” variables are included in the equation.