The ability to estimate the volume of a tree based on a simple measurement, such as the

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The ability to estimate the volume of a tree based on a simple measurement, such as the tree’s diameter, is important to the lumber industry, ecologists, and conservationists. Data on volume, in cubic feet, and diameter at breast height, in inches, for 70 shortleaf pines were reported in C. Bruce and F. X. Schumacher’s Forest Mensuration (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1935) and analyzed by A. C. Akinson in the article “Transforming Both Sides of a Tree”. The data are presented on the WeissStats site. The sample covariance can be used as an alternative method for finding the slope and y-intercept of a regression line. The formulas are

Where sx denotes the sample standard deviation of the x-values.

a. Use Equation to determine the sample covariance of the data points in Exercise 4.45.

b. Use Equation and your answer from part (a) to find the regression equation.


Exercise 4.45

Line A: y = 3 − 0.6x, Line B: y = 4 − x

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