Question: State whether each of the following involves debt financing or equity financing: (a) A bond issue for $3,500,000 by a city-owned utility (b) An initial

State whether each of the following involves debt financing or equity financing:

(a) A bond issue for $3,500,000 by a city-owned utility

(b) An initial public offering (IPO) of $35,000,000 in common stock for a dot-com company

(c) $31,000 taken from your retirement account to pay cash for a new car

(d) A homeowner’s equity loan for $40,000

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