An engineer is making an estimate of hydroelectric power for a home owner. This owner has a small stream (Q = 2 cfs, T = 40 °F) that is located at an elevation H = 34 ft above the owner’s residence. The owner is proposing to divert the stream and operate a water turbine connected to an electric generator to supply electrical power to the residence. The maximum acceptable head loss in the penstock (a penstock is a conduit that supplies a turbine) is 3 ft. The penstock has a length of 87 ft. If the penstock is going to be fabricated from commercial-grade, plastic pipe, find the minimum diameter that can be used. Neglect component head losses. Assume that pipes are available in even sizes—that is, 2 in., 4 in., 6 in., and so on.

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- Penstock H Turbine and generator