A manufacturer acquired a machine for £50,000 on 1 January 2012 and estimates the economic life as four years and scrap value as £10,000. Calculate the depreciation expense in the first year, if the depreciation method used is:
(a) The straight-line method
(b) The reducing balance method at 40% per annum of reducing balance
(c) The sum of the years’ digits method

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X Y £18,000 £12,500 £20,000 £16,000 £20,000 £10,000 Z £10,000 £25,000 £16,000