When compared to static budgets, flexible budgets:

a. Offer managers a more realistic comparison of budgeted and actual fixed cost items under their control.

b. Provide a better understanding of the capacity (volume) variances during the period being evaluated.

c. Encourage managers to use less fixed cost items and more variable cost items that are under their control.

d. Offer managers a more realistic comparison of budgeted and actual revenue and cost items under their control.