In each of Problems 12 through 16, a second-order equation of the form x'' + f (x,

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In each of Problems 12 through 16, a second-order equation of the form x'' + f (x, x') = 0, corresponding to a certain mass-and-spring system, is given. Find and classify the critical points of the equivalent first-order system.

x'' + 4x - 5x3 + x5 = 0: The idea here is that terms through the fifth degree in an odd force function have been retained. Verify that the critical points resemble those shown in Fig. 9.4.14.

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Differential Equations And Linear Algebra

ISBN: 9780134497181

4th Edition

Authors: C. Edwards, David Penney, David Calvis

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