Perform a permutation test version for the test mentioned in Problem 9.73, and report a two-sided p-value? 

Hypertension

Plasma aldosterone has been related to blood-pressure levels in adults in some studies. In addition, there may be ethnic differences. There are less data available for children. In Figure 5.22 (p. 145) we present the distribution of plasma aldosterone for 53 Caucasian children and 46 African American children [6]. 

Figure 5.22 Plasma-aldosterone concentrations in 53 Caucasian and 46 African American children. Values within the shaded area were undetectable (< 50 pmol/L). The solid horizontal lines indicate the mean values, and the broken horizontal lines indicate the mean ± se. The concept of standard error (se) is discussed in Chapter 6.

 

The distributions are very  skewed, and a nonparametric analysis is appropriate here. We have grouped the data for purposes of illustration as shown in Table 9.19.

Table 9.19 Plasma aldosterone levels in 53 Caucasian and 46 African American children (grouped data)

o1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 p < 0.001 500 O00 400 ---R0O 300 200 100 Caucaslans African Americans o 00 o 0o oo080 Joo g008 8o goo0 00 Plasma-aldosterone concentrati on (pmol/liter) Aldosterone group (pmol/) Caucasian African American 0-199 12 17 28 10 200-399 400-599 15 5 3 > 600