Suppose we want to compute a two-sided p-value for this comparison. Without doing any further calculation, which statement(s) must be false?

(1) p = .01

(2) p = .04

(3) p = .07

(4) p = .20

(The actual p-value may differ from all these values.) 

Hypertension

A study was recently reported comparing the effects of different dietary patterns on blood pressure within an 8-week follow-up period [16]. Subjects were randomized to three groups: A, a control diet group, N = 154; B, a fruits-andvegetables diet group, N = 154; C, a combination-diet group consisting of a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lowfat dairy products and with reduced saturated and total fat, N = 151. The results reported for systolic blood pressure (SBP) are shown in Table 8.29.

Table 8.29: Effects of dietary pattern on change in SBP

Mean change in fruits-and-vegetables group …………………………. −2.8 mm Hg

Minus mean change in control group (97.5% CI) …………………… (−4.7 to −0.9)