What hypotheses are being tested here? Otolaryngology, Pediatrics A common symptom of otitis media in young children

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What hypotheses are being tested here? 


Otolaryngology, Pediatrics

A common symptom of otitis media in young children is the prolonged presence of fluid in the middle ear, known as middle-ear effusion. The presence of fluid may result in temporary hearing loss and interfere with normal learning skills in the first 2 years of life. One hypothesis is that babies who are breastfed for at least 1 month build up some immunity against the effects of the infection and have less prolonged effusion than do bottle-fed babies. A small study of 24 pairs of babies is set up, in which the babies are matched on a one-to-one basis according to age, sex, socioeconomic status, and type of medications taken. One member of the matched pair is a breastfed baby, and the other member is a bottle-fed baby. The outcome variable is the duration of middle-ear effusion after the first episode of otitis media. The results are given in Table 9.11. 

Table 9.11: Duration of middle-ear effusion in breastfed and bottle-fed babies

 Duration of Duration of effusion in breastfed baby (days) effusion in bottle-fed baby (days) Pair number 20 18 11 35 24

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