For the Bloch et al. study what would you conclude about the risk of increasing tic behavior using methylphenidate?

Bloch et al. (2009) conducted a meta-analysis on the treatment of Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. There have been reports that psychostimulant medications given to children with ADHD who have a history of Tourette’s syndrome can increase the severity of tics. The authors found (among other studies) four studies that compared methylphenidate derivatives against placebo-controlled condition by rating scales for tic and ADHD severity. The results of these four studies for presence and frequency of tics are shown here. (The standard errors of d were estimated from the published results.)

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Study n d Cl Sd Gadow92 0.11 -0.55 -0.77 0.336 Castellanos 20 TSSG Gadow07 27 0.29 -0.18 -0.76 0.240 103 0.64 0.27 -1.00 0.184 71 0.06 -0.17 -0.29 0.117