Refer to the previous exercise about the study of different HIV intervention programs.
a. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses in words.
b. Explain why it would be okay to use the theory-based method to find a p-value for this study.
c. Use an appropriate applet (for example, the Multiple Proportions applet) to find and report the following from the data.
€¢ The name of the statistic and its numeric value
€¢ The theory-based p-value
d. Comment on the strength of evidence based on the p-value.
e. Comment on causation and generalization. Be sure to explain how you are arriving at your conclusion.
f. Explain why it is not particularly useful to look at confidence intervals for the parameter(s) of interest in this study.

Data from previous exercise

Researchers Jemmott III et al. (Journal of American Medical Association, 1998) reported a study in which a group of inner-city African American adolescents from Philadelphia were randomly divided into three groups as part of an experiment to assess the effectiveness of different HIV prevention programs. One group was given €œabstinence HIV intervention,€ the next group was given €œsafer-sex HIV intervention,€ and the third group was given €œhealth promotion intervention,€ which was to serve as a control. One outcome that was measured was whether subjects who were sexually active during a three-month period reported consistent condom use. The following table shows the summarized data.

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Safer-sex intervention 20 Abstinence Total Control 21 20 41 intervention 14 Yes 55 Consistent condom use? 52 No 20 12 Total 107 34 32