The following dialogue contains at least fifteen arguments. Translate each into symbolic notation, and then interpret them in light of the eight argument forms presented in this section.

A Little Help from a Friend

“I can only talk for a minute,” Liz says to her friend Amy. “I have this bio midterm tomorrow, and I’m afraid I’m going to fail it.”

“Okay,” Amy replies. “I’ll cut out after a minute or two. But why are you so afraid?”
“Because I really haven’t studied at all. I figure if I don’t pull an all-nighter, I’ll fail the test. But I can’t fail the test, so I must pull the all-nighter.”

“I don’t envy you,” says Amy, digging in her purse. “But I have this little tablet of Adderall that might get you through. As I see it, either you take the tab or you’ll fall asleep by midnight. But you can’t fall asleep, so you must take the tab.”

Liz stares at the little orange pill. “Adderall is for attention deficit disorder. You don’t have that, do you?”

“No,” says Amy. “I got the tab from my boyfriend, Zach, who talked the health clinic out of a whole bottle by faking ADD.”

“Wow,” says Liz. “Do you think it’s safe for me to take it?”
“Of course,” replies Amy. “Zach takes it all the time when he needs an extra spurt of energy, and he’s had no adverse reactions. I’ve even tried it once or twice. If it’s safe for Zach, then it’s safe for me, and if it’s safe for me, then it’s safe for you. The conclusion is obvious.”

“And do you really think the Adderall will help me pass the test?” asks Liz.
“Absolutely,” says Amy. “If you take it, you’ll be totally focused for the test, and you must be focused. Hence, you take it, girl.”

“I don’t know,” Liz says as she takes a closer look at the little pill. “If I take it, then I’ll feel like an athlete who takes performance-enhancing drugs. I’ll feel like I’m putting myself at an unfair advantage over the other students. I don’t want to do that, so maybe I shouldn’t take it.”

She thinks for a moment and sighs. “Either I take the Adderall or I don’t. If I take it, I’ll feel like I cheated, but if I don’t take it, I’ll fail the test. Thus, I’ll feel like I cheated, or I’ll fail the test. Either way, I lose.”

Amy smiles. “There’s another way of looking at it. Either you take the Adderall or you don’t. If you take it, you’ll pass the test, and if you don’t take it, you’ll have a clear conscience. Thus, you’ll either pass the test or you’ll have a clear conscience. Either way, you win.”