Modify the List class of Fig. 21.3 to include method printListBackward that recursively outputs the items in a linked-list object in reverse order. Write a test program that creates a list of integers and prints the list in reverse order.

Fig. 21.3

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I // Fig. 21.3: List.java 2 // ListNode and List class declarations. package com.deitel.datastructures; 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 27 28 } 29 30 // class List definition 31 public class List { 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 import java.util.NoSuchElementException; // class to represent one node in a list class ListNode { // package access members; List can access these directly E data; // data for this node ListNode nextNode; // reference to the next node in the list 126 127 // constructor creates a ListNode that refers to object ListNode(E object) {this (object, null); } 128 129 // constructor creates ListNode that refers to the specified // object and to the next ListNode ListNode(E object, ListNode node) { data= object; nextNode node; } // return reference to data in node E getData() {return data; } // return reference to next node in list ListNode getNext() {return nextNode;} private ListNode firstNode; private ListNode lastNode; private String name; // string like "list" used in printing // constructor creates empty List with "list" as the name public List() {this("list");} // constructor creates an empty List with a name public List(String listName) { } // insert item at front of List public void insertAtFront (E insertItem) { if (isEmpty()) { // firstNode and lastNode refer to same object firstNode = lastNode = new ListNode (insertItem); } name listName; firstNode = lastNode = null; } } else { // firstNode refers to new node firstNode = new ListNode (insertItem, firstNode); // insert item at end of List public void insertAtBack(E insertItem) { if (isEmpty()) { // firstNode and lastNode refer to same object firstNode lastNode = new ListNode (insertItem); } } else {//lastNode's nextNode refers to new node lastNode = lastNode.nextNode = new ListNode (insertItem); 130 131 } 132 } } // remove first node from List public E removeFromFront () throws NoSuchElementException { if (isEmpty()) { // throw exception if List is empty throw new NoSuch ElementException (name + " is empty"); } E removedItem = firstNode.data; // retrieve data being removed // update references firstNode and lastNode if (firstNode == lastNode) { firstNode = lastNode= null; } else { } return removedItem; // return removed node data } // remove last node from List public E removeFromBack() throws NoSuchElementException { if (isEmpty() { // throw exception if List is empty throw new NoSuch ElementException (name + " is empty"); } E removedItem = lastNode.data; // retrieve data being removed // update references firstNode and lastNode if (firstNode == lastNode) { firstNode firstNode.nextNode; } } else { // locate new last node ListNode current = firstNode; firstNode = lastNode = null; 106 107 108 109 } 110 [[| // determine whether list is empty; returns true if so public boolean isEmpty() {return firstNode == null; } 112 113 114] 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 124 125 } // loop while current node does not refer to lastNode while (current.nextNode != lastNode) { current = current.nextNode; } lastNode= current; // current is new lastNode current.nextNode = null; return removedItem; // return removed node data // output list contents public void print() { if (isEmpty()) { } System.out.printf("Empty %s %n", name); return; System.out.printf("The %s is: ", name); ListNode current = firstNode; // while not at end of list, output current node's data while (current != null) { System.out.printf("%s", current.data); current current.nextNode; System.out.println();