The Kentucky Derby is perhaps the premier event in U.S. horse racing. For each of the following examples from the derby, identify the type of variable—nominal, ordinal, or scale. 

a. As racing fans, we would be very interested in the variable finishing position. A horse called Orb won in 2013, followed by Golden Soul in second and Revolutionary in third. 

b. We also might be interested in the variable finishing time. Orb won in 2 minutes, 2.89 seconds. 

c. Derby attendance was 151,616 in 2013, not as high as the record-setting 165,307 people who attended in 2012. 

d. If we were the betting type, we might examine the variable payoffs. For each $2.00 bet on Orb, a gambler won $12.80. 

e. We might be interested in the history of the derby and the demographic variables of jockeys, such as gender or race. For example, in the first 28 runnings of the Kentucky Derby, 15 of the winning jockeys were African American. 

f. In the luxury boxes, high fashion reigns; we might be curious about the variable of hat wearing, observing how many women wear hats and how many do not.