Figure 1.77 shows a U-tube manometer open at both ends and containing a column of liquid mercury of length \(l\) and specific weight \(\gamma\). Considering a small displacement \(x\) of the manometer meniscus from its equilibrium position (or datum), determine the equivalent spring constant associated with the restoring force.

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AX Datum x Area, A U FIGURE 1.77 U-tube manometer.