Question: Students are often told that E = F q /q defines the electric field at a point if F q is the measured force on

Students are often told that E = Fq/q defines the electric field at a point if Fis the measured force on a tiny charge q placed at that point. More careful instructors let q → 0 to avoid the polarization of nearby matter due to the presence of q. Unfortunately, this experiment is impossible to perform. A better definition uses Fq and the force Fq measured when −q sits at the same point. There is no need to let q → 0, even if conductors or (linear) dielectric matter is present. Derive an expression that relates E to Fq and Fq.

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