Consider the evolution of operations and supply chain management (Table 1.3). Suppose you were tracing the likely development of Coca-Cola€™s operations from its founding in 1892 to the modern day. How might some of the innovations and production emphases over the past 125 years have affected Coca Cola? Organize your answer in a table like the following:

Table 1.3

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Time Period Innovations Production Emphasis Factory Management Mass Production Division of Labor 1892–1910 Assembly Lines and Automation 1910-1940 PRODUCTION NOMENCLATURE TIME PERIOD INNOVATIONS AND EVENTS EMPHASIS (COMMON TERMINOLOGY) • Steam engine Interchangeable parts Division of labor 1700-1900 Internal production in Factory management factories Improvements in manufacturing technology Formation of transportation networks 1900–1920 Applications of scientific principles to manufacturing Internal and mass Scientific manufacturing and management Time and motion studies production Moving assembly lines 1920-1960 Production of war goods • Hawthorne studies • Motivational theories • Introduction of computers and quantitative tools • Just-in-time (JIT) and material requirements planning (MRP) systems Statistical process control Increasing global competition Internal mass production Production management and operations research Internal production with some outsourcing, and the production of services 1960-1980 Production and operations management Emphasis on managing both internal operations and supply chains Increased computerization Business process reengineering • Total quality management (TOM) • Six Sigma quality • Lean manufacturing • Enterprise resource planning (ERP) The Internet and electronic commerce (e-commerce) Emerging global economies such as China and India as a result of reduced governmental trade barriers Increased global sourcing and adoption of supply chain management practices for both goods and services 1980-2000 Operations and supply chain management • Global and sustainable supply chains • Advances in communication and transportation technologies, agile manufacturing 2000-present Operations and global supply chain management Emphasis on managing both global supply chains and operations across supply chains