(a) In Figure 32.44, is the potential at point a higher or lower than the potential at \(\mathrm{b}\) when the current direction is clockwise through the circuit?

(b) If we define such a current to be positive, is \(\mathscr{E}\) positive or negative? Express \(v_{R}\) in terms of the potential at a and the potential at b.

(c) Half a cycle later, when the current is negative, is \(\mathscr{E}\) positive or negative? Express \(v_{R}\) again in terms of the potential at \(a\) and the potential at \(b\).

Transcribed Image Text:

Figure 32.44 AC circuit consisting of a resistor connected across the terminals of an AC source. R a b