Over the years, the percentage of births that are planned caesarean sections has been rising. Because doctors can schedule these deliveries, there might be more children born during the week and fewer born on the weekend than if births were uniformly distributed throughout the week. To investigate, Mrs. McDonald and her class selected an SRS of 73 people born since 1993. Of these people, 24 were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday. To determine if these data provide convincing evidence that fewer than 43% (3/7) of people born since 1993 were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday, 100 simulated SRSs were selected. Each dot in the graph shows the number of people that were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday in a simulated SRS of 73 people, assuming that each person had a 43% chance of being born on one of these three days.

a. Explain how the graph illustrates the concept of sampling variability.

b. Based on the data from the study and the results of the simulation, is there convincing evidence that fewer than 43% of people born since 1993 were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday? Explain your answer.

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22 24 26 28 32 34 36 30 38 40 Simulated number who were born on Friday, Saturday, or Sunday