Iconic memory is a type of memory that holds visual information for about half a second (0.5 second). To demonstrate this type of memory, participants were shown three rows of four letters for 50 milliseconds. They were then asked to recall as many letters as possible, with a 0-, 0.5-, or 1.0-

second delay before responding. Researchers hypothesized that longer delays would result in poorer recall. The number of letters correctly recalled is given in the table for this between-subjects design.

1. Complete the F table and make a decision to retain or reject the null hypothesis.

2. Compute Tukey’s HSD post hoc test and interpret the results.

Delay Before Recall 0.5 0 1.0 12 8 4 11 4 4 6 10 2 10 6 5 8 3 7 7 5 2