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business
operations and supply chain management
Questions and Answers of
Operations And Supply Chain Management
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. A Six Sigma process that is running at the center of its control limits would expect this
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. Anything that does not add value from the customer’s perspective.2. An integrated set of
In each of the following, name the term defined. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. This is the process of coordinating and moving material and other resources from one location to another.2. A
In each of the following, name the term defined. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. Refers to how common an item is or how many substitutes might be available.2. When a customer allows the supplier
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. A computer system that links all areas of a company using an integrated set of application
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. This is a type of forecast used to make long-term decisions, such as where to locate a
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. Term used to refer to the process a firm uses to balance supply and demand.2. When doing
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. The model most appropriate for making a one-time purchase of an item.2. The model most
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. Logic used to calculate the needed parts, components, and other materials needed to produce
What is the term used for an information system that links, schedules, dispatches, tracks, monitors, and controls customer encounters with a service organization?
What do we generally call an area in a business where productive resources are organized and work is completed?
What type of inventory are we trying to minimize as the result of workcenter scheduling?
A key part of workcenter scheduling is job sequencing—deciding in what order jobs are scheduled to start/complete. What is the term for the simple rules used to aid this process using a single
Which graphical tool commonly used in project management is also very useful in shop-floor control?
What shop-floor control document tells the supervisor which jobs are to be run, in what order, and how long each will take?
What feature of manufacturing planning and control systems operates under the premise that the planned work input to a work center should never exceed the planned work output?
Which simple scheduling concept can be applied to help schedule workers for a service operation with changing staffing requirements throughout the day?
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. This is the currently used term for a system that schedules, dispatches, tracks, monitors,
In each of the following statements, name the term defined or the items requested. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. An organization capable of manufacturing or purchasing all the components needed
Match the following characteristics with their relevant project team organizational structures: The project is housed within a functional division of the firm. A project manager leads personnel from
Name the term defined in each of the following statements. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. A project structured where a self-contained team works full time on the project.2. Specific events that
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. The level of capacity for which a process was designed and at which it operates at minimum
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. The line that shows the relationship between the time to produce a unit and the cumulative
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. A firm that makes predesigned products directly to fill customer orders has this type of
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. Three terms commonly used to refer to a layout where similar equipment or functions are
In each of the following, name the term defined. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. Service systems can generally be categorized according to this characteristic that relates to the customer.2. A
Answer the following questions. Answers are listed at the end of this section.1. The queuing models assume that customers are served in what order?2. Consider two identical queuing systems except for
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. This is a part of an organization that takes inputs and transforms them into outputs.2.
Match the quality “guru” with the specific aspects of their teachings.Use C for Crosby, D for Deming, and J for Juran. Defined quality as "fitness for use." Defined quality as "conformance to
In each of the following, name the term defined or answer the question. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. This refers to the inherent value of the product in the marketplace and is a strategic
Match the following OSCM job titles with the appropriate duties and responsibilities. Plant manager Supply chain manager A. Plans and coordinates staff activities such as new product development and
Name the term defined in each of the following statements.1. The pipe-like movement of the materials and information needed to produce a good or service.2. A strategy that meets the needs of
In implementing supply chain strategy, a firm must minimize its total cost without compromising the needs of what group of people?
Match the following common risks with the appropriate mitigation strategy: Country risks A. Detailed tracking, alternate suppliers Regulatory risk B. Careful selection and monitoring of suppliers
A firm’s strategy should describe how it intends to create and sustain value for what entities?
In each of the following statements, name the term defined or the items requested. Answers are listed at the bottom.1. The seven operations and supply chain competitive dimensions.2. It is probably
When a line cannot be perfectly balanced, some people will have more work time than others in each cycle. What might be a solution for this situation?
A current sociological trend is to move away from paced lines. Yet increasing automation is pushing workers to match their work pace to that of machines and computers. How can both of these trends be
If a job shop was being laid out in a third-world country, how might the procedure be different? What other factors might enter in that would not exist in an industrialized country? Might the layout
In highly automated facilities, firms frequently increase the job responsibilities of the skilled workers who remain after automation has replaced the manual laborers, although there is less
Cellular production is often conducted in a U-shaped (horseshoe-shaped) cell, rather than the rectangular cells shown in Figure 3.6b. What might be the advantages of this \mathrm{U} shape? Cell Raw
What benefits would a virtual cell obtain, and not obtain, compared with a physical cell?
A number of firms are moving toward minifactories. What advantages might this offer over straight cellular production?
If efficiency, variety, and so on are the important measures of the low-contact or no-contact portion of a service, what are the important measures of the high-contact portion?
As the process life cycle changes with the product life cycle, should a firm change along with it or move into new products more appropriate to its existing process? What factors must be considered
In Figure 3.8(a), showing the five transformation systems, why don't firms operate in the regions marked "none"? Output variety High Much Low None Project None One Job Cell Few Flow Many Batch size
Identify the similarities in Figures 3.8 (a) and 3.10. Identify the differences.Figure 3.8aFigure 3.10 Output variety High Much Low None Project None One Job Cell Few Flow Many Batch size (a) None
Exactly what decreases in unit cost occur with larger facilities as a result of economies of scale? Might any costs increase with the size of a facility?
Why has the concept of economies of scope never arisen before? List where the economies come from.
How ethical is it for airlines, hotels, and other service providers to overbook their limited- capacity facilities intentionally, knowing that at some point they will have to turn away a customer
Describe how the concept of bottlenecks would apply to services as well as products. Give some examples from your experience.
What elements would be measured if a product firm were to measure its capacity by its inputs, as do some service firms?
Does the learning curve continue downward forever?
Would the failure points, line of visibility, and processing times used in service maps be useful in process-flow diagrams for products?
Are the principles of waiting captured in the 23 capacity techniques of Table 4.4? Which ones? I TABLE 4.4 Techniques for Increasing Short-Run Capacity 1. Increase resources 1. Use overtime 2. Add
Would a firm that simply expanded its current product line gain economies of scope? Might highly flexible and proficient labor also offer economies of scope?
Many services, such as airlines, conduct their scheduling in two stages. First, an overall macroschedule is constructed and optimized for costs and service to the customer. This schedule is then
Referring to the Yield/Revenue Management and Overbooking section, why might an early reservation be canceled? A late reservation?
Three professors are grading a combined final exam. Each is grading different questions on the test. One professor requires 3 minutes to finish her portion, a second takes 6 minutes, and the third
A toy firm produces drums sequentially on three machines- A, B, and C-with cycle times of 3, 4, and 6 minutes, respectively. (a) Determine the optimum efficiency and output rates for adding one, two,
If the production system for a product has a utilization of 80 percent and a yield of 75 percent, what capacity is needed to produce 1000 units a year?
If unit 1 requires 6 labor hours and unit 5 requires 1.8324, what is the learning rate? What will unit 6 require? What have the first five units required in total?
If unit 1 required 200 hours to produce and the labor records for an Air Force contract of 50 units indicate an average labor content of 63.1 hours per unit, what was the learning rate? What total
All the reports you wrote for one class had three sections: introduction, analysis, and conclusion. The times required to complete these sections (including analysis and creating the report) are
What capacity is required for a production system that produces 753 good units a year if it has a utilization of 90 percent and yield of 85 percent?
A defense contractor is bidding on a military contract for 100 radar units. The contractor employs 30 machine operators who work 165 hours a month each. The first radar unit required 1145 operator
In what situations would exponential smoothing as opposed to moving averages be most appropriate?
Why might a decision maker choose a qualitative forecasting method when extensive historical data are available?
To help pay their college expenses, two of your friends invested in a hot dog concession stand that they plan to operate during sporting events and during lunch on campus. They have asked for your
Provide an example of how data analytics can be used to uncover a hidden supply chain problem or inefficiency.
How can data analytics help managers cope with the increasing uncertainty inherent in the business environment?
How might you quantify the benefits of having a better forecasting model? What types of costs are incurred in developing a better forecasting model?
What circumstances might lead a forecaster to weight older data more heavily than recent data?
How might you evaluate a time series to see if there is any cyclic component in it? If you did identify a cyclic component, how could you use it to improve your forecast in the upcoming period?
What benefits accrue to a firm as it evolves from reporting data to using data to prescribe appropriate future actions?
Why is it important for all areas across the enterprise to be working off of the same forecast of demand?
What other inventory situations are similar to the "newsvendor problem" discussed in the chapter?
In making reservations for services, a common approach for dealing with the uncertain demand is to "overbook" to avoid the costs of no-shows. How ethical is this?
Why is supply chain management such a topic of interest lately? Why wasn’t it previously?
What appears to be the primary “secret” of successful supply chain management?
Given that the current conceptualization of the supply chain includes JIT and lean manufacturing, what other elements of SCM need to be changed to move toward the idea of a demand chain?
In what way can contract manufacturers consider themselves service providers? Hasn’t Nike been doing this for years?What’s the difference?
To date, it appears that purchasing has been one of the primary beneficiaries of supply chain management. Why do you think this is so? What do you expect will happen in the future?
The bullwhip effect is often blamed for the boom‐and‐bust cycles in our national economy. Which of the remedies for eliminating this effect in a supply chain might also benefit the national
How does postponement differ from assemble‐to‐order?
Contrast SCM systems with ERP systems. Which do you suspect are larger and more costly?
Do any of the five functions and four forms of inventories exist in service firms? If so, which ones, and why? If not, how are the functions served?
Contrast the functions and forms of inventories. Does every form exist for each function and vice versa, or are some more common?
In many of today’s firms, the customer’s computer is tied to the supplier’s computer so that purchase orders go directly into the supplier’s production planning system. What are the
Discuss the pros and cons of relying on outside expertise in the selection and implementation of an ERP system.
When might an organization not use all three stages of the location selection process described here?
Might the breakeven model be used for the national or site stage of location? Might the weighted scoring model be used in the national or community stage of location? What factors would be used in
The location subcommittee’s final report to the board has focused on three acceptable communities. Table 15b in the appendix to the report indicates that the cost of locating in communities 1, 2,
A new product involves the following costs associated with three possible locations. If demand is forecast to be 3900 units a year, which location should be selected? A Annual cost ($) 10,000 Unit
Select any publically traded organization you are familiar with and calculate its CCC.
Use a weighted score model to choose between three locations(A, B, C) for setting up a factory. The weights for each criterion are shown in the following table. A score of 1 represents unfavorable, 2
A manufacturer is considering three possible locations for its new factory. The choice depends not only on the operating costs at each location but also on the cost of shipping the product to the
We often divide "control" into two categories: preventive and corrective. Would you classify FMEA as a tool for monitoring, preventive control, or corrective control? Explain.
Does the balanced scorecard monitor all the elements of the production system of Figure 1.1? If not, what does it miss? Does it include anything not in Figure 1.1? If so, why, and why isn't it in
Since service defections are analogous to defects in products, could they be controlled with control charts in the same way? Would they use charts based on inspection of variables or attributes? Give
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