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What foundational theories underpin civil engineering practices? Understanding these theories is crucial for effective problem$-$solving and innovation in infrastructure design and construction. Theories such as structural mechanics, soil mechanics, fluid mechanics, and materials science provide the fundamental framework for analyzing and predicting the behavior of various civil engineering systems. How do these theories contribute to the development of safe, sustainable, and resilient infrastructure projects? How can engineers integrate theoretical knowledge with practical applications to address real$-$world challenges in civil engineering projects?