$123$ : $7654$ : $98$ : Discuss the various factors affecting the choice of foundation type in building construction. Consider aspects such as soil properties, load$-$bearing capacity, water table level, environmental impact, cost, and construction time. Provide examples of different foundation types and explain under what conditions each type would be most suitable. Additionally, elaborate on the importance of site investigation and soil testing in determining the appropriate foundation and ensuring the stability and safety of the structure.