$14\mathrm{.}1.$ The straight rod with cross sectional area $A$ is located between two rigid supports $M$ and $N$ and subjected to axial load

$P($Fig$.$ P$14\mathrm{.}1).$ The yield stress of material is ${}_y$ Define the limit load $P$ for two design diagrams: $($a$)$ structure in Fig. P$14\mathrm{.}1$a

does not have a gap and $($b$)$ element is placed between supports with gap $.$

Solve these problems by direct and static methods. Explain obtained results.

L

Ans. $P_{1im}=2{}_{y}A$

Fig. P$14\mathrm{.}1$