1)

Alejandro is fired from his job because a deterioration in his vision means that he can no longer work night shifts on the road crew. Although Alejandro can see well enough to perform his duties in the daytime, the daytime shifts are only awarded on seniority, and Alejandro has not been with the company long enough to qualify for the daytime shifts.

Alejandro's employer explains that Alejandro will be let go (terminated) because he can no longer work safely at night, and it would be upsetting to more senior employees if Alejandro were given daytime shifts.

Alejandro argues that his employer has failed in their ______________________________________________.

Type only the legal principle involved. Do not add punctuation. Spelling counts.

2)

Eunice is casting a small role in her historical documentary film about the life and times of famed biologist Charles Darwin. In her advertisement for an actor to play Charles Darwin, Eunice says that only white males need apply for the acting job because Charles Darwin was a white male.

Sandrine, who is looking for an acting job, is told that she will not be considered for the part because she is a black woman.

When Sandrine brings a complaint to the Human Rights Commission, Eunice argues that the requirement to be a white male is a ___________________________________________.

Type only the legal term. Do not use any punctuation. Spelling counts.