$1$ BertTopic $[14]$ Question $1\mathrm{.}1[4]$ The paper BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class$-$based TF$-$IDF procedure outlines a method that can be used to discover topics in text data using techniques covered in topics $1,2,$ and $3.$ Briefly discuss the components and role of each component of BertTopic using your own words. Question $1\mathrm{.}2[4]$ Discuss how each of the three topics covered in this course relates to BERTopic and the quality of the discovered topics. Question $1\mathrm{.}3[2]$ What type of clustering technique does BertTopic employ and why is it used as opposed to other clustering? Question $1\mathrm{.}4[4]$ Explain the stage, scope, input data, and output format of how BERTTopic explains each topic.