1. Consider the different combinations of effect size and p-value applied to an experiment where we want to determine the efficacy of a new drug.

(i) effect size small, p-value small

(ii) effect size small, p-value large

(iii) effect size large, p-value small

(iv) effect size large, p-value large

2. Whether effect size is small or large depends on the domain, which in this case is medical. For this problem consider a small p-value to be less than 0.001, while a large p-value is above .05. Assume that the sample size is relatively large, e.g. thousands of patients with the condition that the drug hopes to treat.

(a) Which combination(s) would very likely be of interest?

(b) Which combination(s) would very likely not be of interest?

© If the sample size were small, would that change your answers?