Question: 1. Determine the most parsimonious tree, based on the matrix below. The letter O refers to the outgroup node. char. m n O P

1. Determine the most parsimonious tree, based on the matrix below. The letter "O" refers to the outgroup node. char. m n O P r S t A B 1 1 r 0 u 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 C 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 species D 1 0 0 E 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 F 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 G 0 0 0 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2. Calculate CI, RI, and RC for the tree in question 1. Also, list all sister group pairs. 3. Label all the nodes except the root node for the tree in question 1, and indicate all independent contrasts.

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