1. Discuss the difference between validity and reliability when making measurements. Give an example of each one:

a.Select two probability sampling techniques and explain why each is an example of probability. Give an example of a research project that would be appropriate for each sampling technique.

b.Select two non-probability sampling techniques and explain why each is an example. Give an example of a research project that would be appropriate for each sampling technique.

2. What steps would be involved in selecting a multistage cluster sample of undergraduate students taking criminal justice research methods courses in U.S. colleges and universities?

3. Assume that you are required to design a research project that can measure the amount of underage drinking on your campus. Briefly discuss how that would be done using the following sources of data:

a. Asking Questions

b. Direct Observation

c. Examining Written Records

4. If you wanted to study people at different stages of offending, what sorts of samples would you draw? Stated somewhat differently, what are some possible sampling frames for studying crime through the life course? Think about some appropriate study populations and sampling frames for addressing questions such as the following:

a.What is the rate of involvement in crime among high school students?

b.How many property and personal offenses are committed in the year before entering a state prison?

c.Among former offenders, what is the effect of being married on criminal involvement?